In understanding hypnosis, it is important to understand our differing brainwave states. We have four common brain wave states that can be measured using Electroencephalography (EEG). The signals go up and down in intensity and resemble waves. Each frequency is measured in cycles per second (Hz) and has its own set of characteristics representing a specific level of brain activity and state of consciousness

• Beta (14-40Hz) is the normal waking consciousness and reasoning wave. It is associated with a heightened state of alertness, logic and critical reasoning, but can also translate into stress, anxiety, fear and restlessness.
• Alpha (7.5-14 Hz). Alpha waves are present in deep physical and mental relaxation, and usually when the eyes are closed, during a daydream, or in light meditation. It is the optimal time to re-program the mind and it also heightens your imagination, visual memory, learning and concentration. It is the gateway to your subconscious mind and your intuition and becomes clearer and more profound the closer you get to 7.5Hz.
• Theta (4-7.5Hz). Theta waves are present during hypnosis, deep meditation and light sleep, including the all-important REM dream state. It is the realm of your subconscious.

It is the alpha-theta border, from 7Hz to 8 Hz, which is the optimal range for visualization, mind programming and using the creative power of your mind. You are conscious of your surroundings however, your body is in deep relaxation. This level is the one most commonly found in a hypnotised subject.

• Delta (0.5-4Hz). This is the deep sleep wave. It is the slowest of the frequencies and is experienced in deep, dreamless sleep and in very deep hypnosis states, where awareness is fully detached.

Once a client has reached a hypnotic state, (Theta brainwave) where they are in a state of focused attention, deep relaxation and a curious but detached parallel awareness, the therapy is delivered. In this state, the subconscious brain (the learned behaviour and habit forming system) is accessible and at its most suggestible to the clients desired changes, while the conscious, analytical brain is restful and calm.